جملات مرکب (Compound sentences)- بخش دوم
1. استفاده از Or برای نشان دادن انتخاب در جمله مرکب
or: اين كلمه به معني «يا» است و بيانگر انتخاب يا امكان بين دو گزينه است.
ميتواني با آنها بروي يا پيش ما بماني. .You can go with them or you can stay with us
وقت بيشتري را در خانه صرف ميكنيد يا در محل كار؟ ?Do you spend more time at home or at work
بد نيست بدانيد كه or ميتواند با معني «وگرنه، در غير اين صورت» هم در جملهها بهكار رود:
دست از سرم بردار وگرنه به پليس زنگ خواهم زد. .Leave me alone, or I’ll call the police
زود بيا وگرنه غذايي باقي نخواهد ماند. .Come soon, or there will be no food left
2. So نشان می دهد که جمله دوم، نتیجه جمله اول است
so: اين كلمه به معني «بنابراين، در نتيجه» است و در حقيقت نشان دهندهي نتيجهگيري از جملهي قبل از خود است:
.It is very cold outside, so we cannot go swimming
بيرون هوا خيلي سرد است، در نتيجه نميتوانيم به شنا برويم.
He was sleepy, so he went to bed early.
خوابش ميآمد، بنابراين زود به رختخواب رفت.
تمرین ترکیبی از گرامر جملات مرکب
.John studied a lot
.He could pass his exam easily
…………………………………………………..
.Tom enjoys playing tennis
.He likes cooking
…………………………………………………..
.She was getting late
.She was driving fast
…………………………………………………..
پاسخ تمرین B مربوط به رایتینگ درس اول
از So یا Or در جای مناسب استفاده کنید.
.My mother doesn’t like fast food, ………. she doesn’t eat any.
.I go out tonight, ……. I take a rest.
.We can eat our launch at the restaurant, ………. we can have it at home.
.That dictionary is expensive, ……… I can’t buy it.
.This dress is not comfortable, ……… she rarely wears it.
پاسخ:
1. so 2. or 3. or 4. so 5. so
نكتهي مهم: در جملههاي مركب، اگر جملهي دوم با يك نهاد مستقل شروع شود؛ بهتر است قبل از اين كلمات ربط، از كاما (,) استفاده كنيم.
.I’ve bought a new toy, and I’d like to show you
يك اسباب بازي جديد خريدهام و ميل دارم به تو نشان دهم.
.I like coffee, but my wife prefers tea
من قهوه دوست دارم، اما همسرم چاي را ترجيح ميدهد.
تمرین:
.Make compound sentences by filling in the blanks with an appropriate coordinate conjunction
.I called her many times ........................................... she didn’t answer the phone
.He is intelligent ...................................... honest
.He is old ............................................ he is active
.I reached the counter ............................................... took my purse out ........................................... there was no money in it
.The way may be long ........................................... we may feel tired ............................................ we will not give up hope
.We took part in the competition ................................................ we did not win any prize
.Our servant is slow .............................................. he is honest and dependable
.Leave the house at once ............................................... I will call the police
Answers
1. I called her many times but she didn’t answer the phone
2. He is intelligent and honest
3. He is old but he is active
4. I reached the counter and took my purse out but there was no money in it
5. The way may be long and we may feel tired but we will not give up hope
6. We took part in the competition but we did not win any prize
7. Our servant is slow but he is honest and dependable
8. Leave the house at once or I will call the police
