🟡 درک مطلب در مورد Geology
Plate tectonics is a field of geology that studies the movement and interactions of the Earth's lithosphere, comprised of several large plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere. This theory, proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1912, revolutionized the understanding of Earth's processes by explaining how continents drift and collide over time. The lithospheric plates move due to the underlying convection currents in the Earth's mantle, driven by heat and density differences. As the plates interact, several geological features and phenomena arise, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountain ranges. j
One of the significant consequences of plate tectonics is the formation of different types of boundaries between the plates. At divergent boundaries, plates move apart, creating rift valleys and mid-oceanic ridges. Convergent boundaries, on the other hand, involve the collision or subduction of plates, resulting in the formation of volcanic arcs and trenches. Transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other horizontally, causing earthquakes along faults. These plate boundaries play a crucial role in the redistribution of landmasses and the creation of various landforms across the planet. j
Q1. Plate tectonics theory explains: J
a) The formation of sedimentary rocks
b) The movement of continental drift
c) The process of erosion
d) The composition of Earth's core
Q2. What causes the movement of lithospheric plates? J
a) Gravitational forces from the Moon
b) Seismic waves generated by earthquakes
c) Pressure from Earth's surface
d) Convection currents in the mantle
Q3. Which boundary creates rift valleys and mid-oceanic ridges? J
a) Convergent boundaries
b) Transform boundaries
c) Divergent boundaries
d) Subduction boundaries
Q4. What is the result of plates colliding at convergent boundaries? J
a) The formation of rift valleys
b) The creation of mid-oceanic ridges
c) The occurrence of volcanic arcs and trenches
d) The emergence of transform faults
Q5. In which type of boundary do plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes? J
a) Convergent boundaries
b) Divergent boundaries
c) Transform boundaries
d) Subduction boundaries
